Archive for December 2016

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act prevents U.S. firms from:

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The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act prevents U.S. firms from:






a) paying bribes or giving excess commissions in exchange for favors.

b) using "sweatshops" to produce goods for sale in the U.S.

c) employing child labor in plants that make goods for U.S. markets.

d) from participating in unsustainable development in third world countries.







Answer: A

The biggest difference between an international business and a transnational business is that the transnational business tries to operate _________________.

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The biggest difference between an international business and a transnational business is that the transnational business tries to operate _________________.




a) under different international laws

b) with only senior expatriate managers

c) without a strong national identity

d) in every country in the world







Answer: C

Better Boots Inc. wishes to market their products in the Far East but, although better boots has the design and manufacturing capability, the company lacks the distribution channels and knowledge of the Far East cultures necessary to marketing their products. Bill Somebody, president of Better Boots, has decided to form a partnership with Far East Boots, an Asian company. Far East boots will provide the marketing know how that Better Boots lacks. The company will be jointly owned and independently operated. Better Boots is forming a ____________ with Far East Boots.

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Better Boots Inc. wishes to market their products in the Far East but, although better boots has the design and manufacturing capability, the company lacks the distribution channels and knowledge of the Far East cultures necessary to marketing their products. Bill Somebody, president of Better Boots, has decided to form a partnership with Far East Boots, an Asian company. Far East boots will provide the marketing know how that Better Boots lacks. The company will be jointly owned and independently operated. Better Boots is forming a ____________ with Far East Boots. 




a) franchise
b) joint venture
c) licensing agreement
d) operating subsidiary







Answer: B

McDonald's has outlets in Japan. McDonald's provides the Japanese operation with the rights to use McDonald's name, material and processes but the operation is owned and managed by Japanese. The Japanese operation would be considered a ____________.

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McDonald's has outlets in Japan. McDonald's provides the Japanese operation with the rights to use McDonald's name, material and processes but the operation is owned and managed by Japanese. The Japanese operation would be considered a ____________.




a) outlet

b) subsidiary

c) franchise

d) licensed importer









Answer: C

When James sells Tiromat Powerpak, a packaging machine for forming, filling, and sealing food prodcts, he begins by telling the customer, "Everyone in the food industry would like to save money and time on equipment cleaning." Then he says, "With the Tiromat Powerpak, you have a machine that can be dissassembled for high-pressure cleaning and then reassembled moer quickly thatn any other machine currently on the market." In conclusion, Tiromat says, "Thus, I believe that you need to buy our new Powerpak packaging machine." James is using ________ to sell the Tiromat Powerpak.

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When James sells Tiromat Powerpak, a packaging machine for forming, filling, and sealing food prodcts, he begins by telling the customer, "Everyone in the food industry would like to save money and time on equipment cleaning." Then he says, "With the Tiromat Powerpak, you have a machine that can be dissassembled for high-pressure cleaning and then reassembled moer quickly thatn any other machine currently on the market." In conclusion, Tiromat says, "Thus, I believe that you need to buy our new Powerpak packaging machine." James is using ________ to sell the Tiromat Powerpak.




a. empathy
b. logical reasoning
c. a bad plan
d. sympathy
e. perceptual logical






Answer: B

"Shouldn't you go ahead and order swimsuit stock for your retail store now before the heavy demand of the summer season reduces the available choices of styles and colors?" Example of:

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"Shouldn't you go ahead and order swimsuit stock for your retail store now before the heavy demand of the summer season reduces the available choices of styles and colors?" Example of:





a. prestige suggestion
b. suggestive proposition
c. autosuggestion
d. direct suggestion
e. countersuggestion






Answer: B

Based on what you have learned in this course, how would you suggest that Elsa make her sales presentations more persuasive?

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Based on what you have learned in this course, how would you suggest that Elsa make her sales presentations more persuasive?





a. Build trust by being honest with her customers.
b. Use body language
c. Control the sales presentation
d. Personalize the relationship with her customers
e. Try any or all of the above






Answer: E

A salesperson can make effective use of visuals to:

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A salesperson can make effective use of visuals to:





a. create a unique and lasting impression
b. reduce misunderstanding
c. increase retention
d. do all of the above
e. show the buyer you are a professional








Answer: D

With _____, a salesperson delivers his presentation in voice that sounds alive rather than like a dull, memorized presentation that the salesperson is bored with.

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With _____, a salesperson delivers his presentation in voice that sounds alive rather than like a dull, memorized presentation that the salesperson is bored with.





a. logical reasoning
b. verbal and nonverbal analogies
c. honest persuasion
d. dramatic diplomacy
e. the Paul Harvey dialogue









Answer: E

A(n) _____ suggests that the prospect should act now. It helps salespeople deal with the problem that some customers like to postpone making purchase decisions.

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A(n) _____ suggests that the prospect should act now. It helps salespeople deal with the problem that some customers like to postpone making purchase decisions.





a. autosuggestion
b. indirect suggestion
c. suggestive proposition
d. temporal-based suggestion
e. countersuggestion






Answer: C

As the pet storeowner was explaining her idea for a promotion, the salesperson asked, "Do you think you should buy 3 or 4 cases of treats for your "Pamper Your Pet" promotion?" Example of:

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As the pet storeowner was explaining her idea for a promotion, the salesperson asked, "Do you think you should buy 3 or 4 cases of treats for your "Pamper Your Pet" promotion?" Example of:





a. empathy suggestion
b. prestige suggestion
c. autosuggestion
d. counteroffer
e. indirect suggestion







Answer: E

Which of the following types of proof statements would most likely be used by a salesperson trying to convince a current customer to place a larger order?

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Which of the following types of proof statements would most likely be used by a salesperson trying to convince a current customer to place a larger order?




a. none of the above
b. the customer's past sales figures
c. independent research results
d. testimonials
e. the guarantee







Answer: B

Alfredo sells refrigeration units to businesses. He builds his sales presentations around a major premise like the saving a walk-in refrigerator will generate for a catering firm a minor premise like how my company's units will reduce its electrical bills and a conclusion. Whether he knows or not this method indicates he is using:

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Alfredo sells refrigeration units to businesses. He builds his sales presentations around a major premise like the saving a walk-in refrigerator will generate for a catering firm a minor premise like how my company's units will reduce its electrical bills and a conclusion. Whether he knows or not this method indicates he is using:





a. objection postponing
b. syllogistic
c. logical reasoning
d. forestalling
e. empathy







Answer: C

Dramatics should be used in a sales presentation because it:

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Dramatics should be used in a sales presentation because it:




a. provides a clearer more complete explanation of products
b. captures prospect's interest
c. increases salesperson's persuasive powers
d. creates two-way communications
e. does all of the above





Answer: E


"You ought to buy that scarf. it is just like the ones that I saw the Princess of Monaco wearing when the visited the Metropolitan Museum." This is an example of:

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"You ought to buy that scarf. it is just like the ones that I saw the Princess of Monaco wearing when the visited the Metropolitan Museum." This is an example of:




a. prestige suggestion
b. direct suggestion
c. suggestive proposition
d. countersuggestion
e. autosuggestion







Answer: A

"Since you anticipate using our braking system with your current machine, I suggest you buy now before we preform a planned retooling of our existing system. We know our current braking systems is compatible with your machines, but I cannot promise the new designs will be." This is an example of:

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"Since you anticipate using our braking system with your current machine, I suggest you buy now before we preform a planned retooling of our existing system. We know our current braking systems is compatible with your machines, but I cannot promise the new designs will be." This is an example of:




a. prestige suggestion
b. direct suggestion
c. suggestive proposition
d. countersuggestion
e. autosuggestion








Answer: C

Which of the following statements about the use of demonstrations in sales presentations is true?

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Which of the following statements about the use of demonstrations in sales presentations is true?




a. Rehearsed demonstrations are boring.
b. Don't worry about the possibility of the demonstration backfiring.
c. All presentations should have a demonstration
d. A salesperson should have a demonstration objective.
e. Effective demonstrators often do not present the product in an ethical and professional matter.








Answer: D

Creative imagery is a:

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Creative imagery is a:





a. presentation method that replaces the demonstration when the salesperson is selling over the telephone rather than in person
b. method salesperson use to deal with stress
c. presentation technique that replaces the demonstration when the salesperson is selling a service rather than a physical good
d. prospecting techniques
e. manner of selecting clothing that ensures the salesperson will make a good first impression on a prospect






Answer: B

Which of the following types of opening statements is the most common and least powerful way to begin a sales presentation

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Which of the following types of opening statements is the most common and least powerful way to begin a sales presentation





a. "Hello. My name is Sashmi Patel."
b."Mr. Lawrence, you certainly sell a lot of perennials to landscaping companies."
c. "Here, Mr, Li, try one of my company's throat lozenges."
d. "Good afternoon does your company need a secure local area network."
e. "Hello, Mr. Ariana at Country Stay Inn told me that you might be interested in my company's new line of mildew-proof shower curtains."







Answer: A

The product approach works best with:

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The product approach works best with:






a. products that are new, unique, and colorful
b. generic products that are not marketed with a branding strategy
c. products with well-known brand names like Nike, Coca Cola, and Disney
d. business products
e. straight rebuy situations







Answer: A

The objective of the questions approach technique is to:

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The objective of the questions approach technique is to:





a. stimulate the prospect's interest
b. uncover the needs or problems of the prospect
c. provide a transition into the sales presentation
d. capture the attention of the prospect
e. do all of the above









Answer: E

The objective of the questions approach technique is to:

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The objective of the questions approach technique is to:






a. stimulate the prospect's interest
b. uncover the needs or problems of the prospect
c. provide a transition into the sales presentation
d. capture the attention of the prospect
e. do all of the above







Answer: E

Mariah began her sales presentation by saying, "I'm new at selling safety equipment, so I was wondering if you could tell me what you thought were the most commonly purchased items?" Mariah was using the ____ approach

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Mariah began her sales presentation by saying, "I'm new at selling safety equipment, so I was wondering if you could tell me what you thought were the most commonly purchased items?" Mariah was using the ____ approach





a. curiosity
b. opinion
c. low-profile
d. customer-knowledge
e. FAB







Answer: B

Which of the following is an example of a rephrasing question

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Which of the following is an example of a rephrasing question





a. "Who is in charge of the maintenance of your lawn mower?"
b. "At what height do you try to keep your grass?"
c. "How many times a year do you mow your lawn?"
d. "What features are you looking at in a new lawn mower?"
e. "Are you telling me that you don't have any trees in your front yard?"








Answer: E

Which of the following is NOT a recommended guideline for how a salesperson should act in order to make a favorable first impression on a prospective buyer

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Which of the following is NOT a recommended guideline for how a salesperson should act in order to make a favorable first impression on a prospective buyer





a. If possible, sit down.
b. Be enthusiastic and positive toward the interview.
c. Be neat in dressing and grooming.
d. If the prospect offers to shake hands, do so with a firm positive grip.
e. Apologize for taking the prospect's time.






Answer: E

Which of the statements about the customer benefit approach is true?

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Which of the statements about the customer benefit approach is true?





a. The salesperson should never ask a question that implies the product will benefit the customer
b. The salesperson should consider using a question instead of a benefit approach if he or she is already aware of the prospect's needs.
c. The salesperson should formulate his or her question carefully and anticipate the prospect's response.
d. The salesperson should not use the customer's response as a reference point later in the presentation.
e. The customer benefit approach is such a weak opening that it usually must be used in conjunction with another approach.








Answer: C

Which of the following statements about "problem" questions is true?

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Which of the following statements about "problem" questions is true?






a. It is not necessary for you to separate important problems from unimportant problems.
b. If your prospect states a specific need after your "problem" question, you should move directly into your presentation.
c. The question should be about non-specific dissatisfaction or difficulties.
d. Your goal in using "problem" questions is to get the prospect to admit that he or she has a problem
e. The more explicit needs you can discover, the lower your probability of making the sale.







Answer: D

Which of the following statements about approach techniques and presentation methods is true:

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Which of the following statements about approach techniques and presentation methods is true:





a. The need-satisfaction and problem-solution sales presentation methods should always use the questions approach technique
b. The showmanship technique is most effective with prospects that you are calling on for the first time.
c. The statement approach technique is effective with any sales presentation method.
d. The benefit technique is recommended for the formula sales presentation method.
e. The approach technique should be chosen before the sales presentation method.








Answer: A

In C3 photosynthesis, the reactions that require ATP take place in

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In C3 photosynthesis, the reactions that require ATP take place in 







A) the light reactions alone.
B) the Calvin cycle alone.
C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.
D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle.
E) the chloroplast, but is not part of photosynthesis.






Answer: B

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?

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What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle? 






A) use ATP to release carbon dioxide
B) use NADPH to release carbon dioxide
C) split water and release oxygen
D) transport RuBP out of the chloroplast
E) synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide







Answer: E

A flask containing photosynthetic green algae and a control flask containing water with no algae are both placed under a bank of lights, which are set to cycle between 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark. The dissolved oxygen concentrations in both flasks are monitored. Predict what the relative dissolved oxygen concentrations will be in the flask with algae compared to the control flask.

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A flask containing photosynthetic green algae and a control flask containing water with no algae are both placed under a bank of lights, which are set to cycle between 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark. The dissolved oxygen concentrations in both flasks are monitored. Predict what the relative dissolved oxygen concentrations will be in the flask with algae compared to the control flask. 





A) The dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will always be higher.
B) The dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will always be lower.
C) The dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will be higher in the light, but the same in the dark.
D) The dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will be higher in the light, but lower in the dark.
E) The dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will not be different from the control flask at any time.






Answer: D

The accumulation of free oxygen in Earth's atmosphere began

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The accumulation of free oxygen in Earth's atmosphere began 





A) with the origin of life and respiratory metabolism.
B) with the origin of photosynthetic bacteria that had photosystem I.
C) with the origin of cyanobacteria that had both photosystem I and photosystem II.
D) with the origin of chloroplasts in photosynthetic eukaryotic algae.
E) with the origin of land plants.







Answer: C

The reactions that produce molecular oxygen (O2) take place in

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The reactions that produce molecular oxygen (O2) take place in 





A) the light reactions alone.
B) the Calvin cycle alone.
C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.
D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle.
E) the chloroplast, but are not part of photosynthesis.







Answer: A

In a cyanobacterium, the reactions that produce NADPH occur in

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In a cyanobacterium, the reactions that produce NADPH occur in 





A) the light reactions alone.
B) the Calvin cycle alone.
C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.
D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle.
E) the chloroplast, but is not part of photosynthesis.







Answer: A

In metabolic processes of cell respiration and photosynthesis, prosthetic groups such as heme and iron-sulfur complexes are encountered in components of the electron transport chain. What do they do?

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In metabolic processes of cell respiration and photosynthesis, prosthetic groups such as heme and iron-sulfur complexes are encountered in components of the electron transport chain. What do they do? 






A) donate electrons
B) act as reducing agents
C) act as oxidizing agents
D) transport protons within the mitochondria and chloroplasts
E) both oxidize and reduce during electron transport





Answer: E

In thylakoids, protons travel through ATP synthase from the thylakoid space to the stroma. Therefore, the catalytic "knobs" of ATP synthase would be located

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In thylakoids, protons travel through ATP synthase from the thylakoid space to the stroma. Therefore, the catalytic "knobs" of ATP synthase would be located 






A) on the side facing the thylakoid space.
B) on the ATP molecules themselves.
C) on the pigment molecules of photosystem I and photosystem II.
D) on the stromal side of the membrane.
E) built into the center of the thylakoid stack (granum).






Answer: D

Carotenoids are often found in foods that are considered to have antioxidant properties in human nutrition. What related function do they have in plants?

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Carotenoids are often found in foods that are considered to have antioxidant properties in human nutrition. What related function do they have in plants? 






A) They serve as accessory pigments to increase light absorption.
B) They protect against oxidative damage from excessive light energy.
C) They shield the sensitive chromosomes of the plant from harmful ultraviolet radiation.
D) They reflect orange light and enhance red light absorption by chlorophyll.
E) They take up and remove toxins from the groundwater.






Answer: B

Which electron flow may be photoprotective (protective to light-induced damage). Which of the following experiments could provide information on this phenomenon?

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Which electron flow may be photoprotective (protective to light-induced damage). Which of the following experiments could provide information on this phenomenon? 





A) use mutated organisms that can grow but that cannot carry out cyclic flow of electrons and compare their abilities to photosynthesize in different light intensities against those of wild-type organisms
B) use plants that can carry out both linear and cyclic electron flow, or only one or another of these processes, and compare their light absorbance at different wavelengths and different light intensities
C) use bacteria that have only cyclic flow and look for their frequency of mutation damage at different light intensities
D) use bacteria with only cyclic flow and measure the number and types of photosynthetic pigments they have in their membranes
E) use plants with only photosystem I operative and measure how much damage occurs at different wavelengths





Answer: A

Some photosynthetic bacteria (e.g., purple sulfur bacteria) have only photosystem I, whereas others (e.g., cyanobacteria) have both photosystem I and photosystem II. Which of the following might this observation imply?

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Some photosynthetic bacteria (e.g., purple sulfur bacteria) have only photosystem I, whereas others (e.g., cyanobacteria) have both photosystem I and photosystem II. Which of the following might this observation imply? 






A) Photosystem II was selected against in some species.
B) Photosynthesis with only photosystem I is more ancestral.
C) Photosystem II may have evolved to be more photoprotective.
D) Linear electron flow is more primitive than cyclic flow of electrons.
E) Cyclic flow is more necessary than linear electron flow.





Answer: B

P680? is said to be the strongest biological oxidizing agent. Why?

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P680? is said to be the strongest biological oxidizing agent. Why? 





A) It is the receptor for the most excited electron in either photosystem.
B) It is the molecule that transfers electrons to plastoquinone (Pq) of the electron transfer system.
C) It transfers its electrons to reduce NADP? to NADPH.
D) This molecule has a stronger attraction for electrons than oxygen, to obtain electrons from water.
E) It has a positive charge.






Answer: D

Reduction of NADP? occurs during

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Reduction of NADP? occurs during 





A) photosynthesis.
B) respiration.
C) both photosynthesis and respiration.
D) neither photosynthesis nor respiration.
E) photorespiration.




Answer: A

Reduction of oxygen to form water occurs during

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Reduction of oxygen to form water occurs during 






A) photosynthesis only.
B) respiration only.
C) both photosynthesis and respiration.
D) neither photosynthesis nor respiration.
E) photorespiration only.






Answer: B

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?

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Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration? 






A) Respiration runs the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis in reverse.
B) Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules, whereas respiration releases it.
C) Photosynthesis occurs only in plants and respiration occurs only in animals.
D) ATP molecules are produced in photosynthesis and used up in respiration.
E) Respiration is anabolic and photosynthesis is catabolic.







Answer: B

In mitochondria, chemiosmosis translocates protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space, whereas in chloroplasts, chemiosmosis translocates protons from

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In mitochondria, chemiosmosis translocates protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space, whereas in chloroplasts, chemiosmosis translocates protons from 







A) the stroma to the photosystem II.
B) the matrix to the stroma.
C) the stroma to the thylakoid space.
D) the intermembrane space to the matrix.
E) the thylakoid space to the stroma.







Answer: C

Suppose the interior of the thylakoids of isolated chloroplasts were made acidic and then transferred in the dark to a pH 8 solution. What would be likely to happen?

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Suppose the interior of the thylakoids of isolated chloroplasts were made acidic and then transferred in the dark to a pH 8 solution. What would be likely to happen? 





A) The isolated chloroplasts will make ATP.
B) The Calvin cycle will be activated.
C) Cyclic photophosphorylation will occur.
D) The isolated chloroplasts will generate oxygen gas.
E) The isolated chloroplasts will reduce NADP? to NADPH.






Answer: A

What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts involve?

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What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts involve? 






A) establishment of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane
B) diffusion of electrons through the thylakoid membrane
C) reduction of water to produce ATP energy
D) movement of water by osmosis into the thylakoid space from the stroma
E) formation of glucose, using carbon dioxide, NADPH, and ATP






Answer: A

Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes?

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Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes? 






A) the splitting of water
B) the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
C) the flow of electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I
D) the synthesis of ATP
E) the reduction of NADP?







Answer: D

As a research scientist, you measure the amount of ATP and NADPH consumed by the Calvin cycle in 1 hour. You find 30,000 molecules of ATP consumed, but only 20,000 molecules of NADPH. Where did the extra ATP molecules come from?

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As a research scientist, you measure the amount of ATP and NADPH consumed by the Calvin cycle in 1 hour. You find 30,000 molecules of ATP consumed, but only 20,000 molecules of NADPH. Where did the extra ATP molecules come from? 






A) photosystem II
B) photosystem I
C) cyclic electron flow
D) linear electron flow
E) chlorophyll






Answer: C

Some photosynthetic organisms contain chloroplasts that lack photosystem II, yet are able to survive. The best way to detect the lack of photosystem II in these organisms would be

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Some photosynthetic organisms contain chloroplasts that lack photosystem II, yet are able to survive. The best way to detect the lack of photosystem II in these organisms would be 





A) to determine if they have thylakoids in the chloroplasts.
B) to test for liberation of O2 in the light.
C) to test for CO2 fixation in the dark.
D) to do experiments to generate an action spectrum.
E) to test for production of either sucrose or starch.







Answer: B

Which of the following are directly associated with photosystem I?

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Which of the following are directly associated with photosystem I?





A) harvesting of light energy by ATP
B) receiving electrons from the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain
C) generation of molecular oxygen
D) extraction of hydrogen electrons from the splitting of water
E) passing electrons to the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain







Answer: B

Which statement describes the functioning of photosystem II?

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Which statement describes the functioning of photosystem II? 





A) Light energy excites electrons in the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain.
B) Photons are passed along to a reaction-center chlorophyll.
C) The P680 chlorophyll donates a pair of protons to NADP?, which is thus converted to NADPH.
D) The electron vacancies in P680? are filled by electrons derived from water.
E) The splitting of water yields molecular carbon dioxide as a by-product.







Answer: D

In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules?

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In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules? 






A) split water and release oxygen to the reaction-center chlorophyll
B) harvest photons and transfer light energy to the reaction-center chlorophyll
C) synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi
D) transfer electrons to ferredoxin and then NADPH
E) concentrate photons within the stroma






Answer: B

Halobacterium has a photosynthetic membrane that is colored purple. Its photosynthetic action spectrum is exactly complementary (opposite to) the action spectrum for green plants. What wavelengths of light do the Halobacterium photosynthetic pigments absorb?

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Halobacterium has a photosynthetic membrane that is colored purple. Its photosynthetic action spectrum is exactly complementary (opposite to) the action spectrum for green plants. What wavelengths of light do the Halobacterium photosynthetic pigments absorb? 





A) red and yellow
B) blue, green, and red
C) green and yellow
D) red and green
E) blue and red







Answer: E

A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are being absorbed by this pigment?

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A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are being absorbed by this pigment? 





A) red and yellow
B) blue and violet
C) green and yellow
D) blue, green, and red
E) green, blue, and yellow





Answer: B

Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

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Where does the Calvin cycle take place? 





A) stroma of the chloroplast
B) thylakoid membrane
C) cytoplasm surrounding the chloroplast
D) interior of the thylakoid (thylakoid space)
E) outer membrane of the chloroplast






Answer: A

Photosynthesis is not responsible for

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Photosynthesis is not responsible for 





A) oxygen in the atmosphere.
B) the ozone layer.
C) most of the organic carbon on Earth's surface.
D) atmospheric CO2.
E) fossil fuels.




Answer: E

If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO2 synthesized with heavy oxygen (¹8O), later analysis will show that all but one of the following compounds produced by the algae contain the ¹8O label. That one is

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If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO2 synthesized with heavy oxygen (¹8O), later analysis will show that all but one of the following compounds produced by the algae contain the ¹8O label. That one is 






A) 3-phosphoglycerate.
B) glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P).
C) glucose.
D) ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP).
E) O2.








Answer: E

In mitochondria, exergonic redox reactions

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In mitochondria, exergonic redox reactions 





A) are the source of energy driving prokaryotic ATP synthesis.
B) are directly coupled to substrate-level phosphorylation.
C) provide the energy that establishes the proton gradient.
D) reduce carbon atoms to carbon dioxide.
E) are coupled via phosphorylated intermediates to endergonic processes.







Answer: C

The immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation is the

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The immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation is the 





A) oxidation of glucose and other organic compounds.
B) flow of electrons down the electron transport chain.
C) affinity of oxygen for electrons.
D) H? concentration across the membrane holding ATP synthase.
E) transfer of phosphate to ADP.





Answer: D

Exposing inner mitochondrial membranes to ultrasonic vibrations will disrupt the membranes. However, the fragments will reseal "inside out." These little vesicles that result can still transfer electrons from NADH to oxygen and synthesize ATP. If the membranes are agitated further, however, the ability to synthesize ATP is lost. These inside-out membrane vesicles

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Exposing inner mitochondrial membranes to ultrasonic vibrations will disrupt the membranes. However, the fragments will reseal "inside out." These little vesicles that result can still transfer electrons from NADH to oxygen and synthesize ATP. If the membranes are agitated further, however, the ability to synthesize ATP is lost.
These inside-out membrane vesicles 





A) will become acidic inside the vesicles when NADH is added.
B) will become alkaline inside the vesicles when NADH is added.
C) will make ATP from ADP and i if transferred to a pH 4 buffered solution after incubation in a pH 7 buffered solution.
D) will hydrolyze ATP to pump protons out of the interior of the vesicle to the exterior.
E) will reverse electron flow to generate NADH from NAD? in the absence of oxygen.







Answer: A

Exposing inner mitochondrial membranes to ultrasonic vibrations will disrupt the membranes. However, the fragments will reseal "inside out." These little vesicles that result can still transfer electrons from NADH to oxygen and synthesize ATP. If the membranes are agitated further, however, the ability to synthesize ATP is lost. After the further agitation of the membrane vesicles, what must be lost from the membrane?

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Exposing inner mitochondrial membranes to ultrasonic vibrations will disrupt the membranes. However, the fragments will reseal "inside out." These little vesicles that result can still transfer electrons from NADH to oxygen and synthesize ATP. If the membranes are agitated further, however, the ability to synthesize ATP is lost.
After the further agitation of the membrane vesicles, what must be lost from the membrane? 





A) the ability of NADH to transfer electrons to the first acceptor in the electron transport chain
B) the prosthetic groups like heme from the transport system
C) cytochromes
D) ATP synthase, in whole or in part
E) the contact required between inner and outer membrane surfaces






Answer: D
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